Promoting commodities and awareness of agriculture and natural resources Plan of Work

Back to Plans for the County

Breckinridge County CES

Title:
Promoting commodities and awareness of agriculture and natural resources
MAP:
Agriculture and Environment
Agents Involved:
Allen, Bryant Popham, Crawford, Hinton, Pruneda, Tucker
MAJOR PROGRAM 1:
Beef
MAJOR PROGRAM 2:
Grains
MAJOR PROGRAM 3:
Local Food Systems
MAJOR PROGRAM 4:
Natural Resources
Situation:

Kentucky is home to 85,500 farms, with 1,509 farms located in Breckinridge County (USDA 2012, 2012 Ag Census). The average farm size in Breckinridge County is 199 acres, with 37% of the population farming as a primary occupation (2012 Ag Census). The average age of a Kentucky producer is 56.2 years old, with over 55% of producers 55 years old or older (NASS, 2019). Between 2007 and 2012, the Bluegrass State had a 6.7% decrease in the number of acres of farmland, which is the greatest percentage decrease any state in the country (Census of Agriculture, 2012). While Kentucky’s population is increasing, the number of people living on farms is decreasing. Therefore, the need exists to educate people, particularly youth, about the impact that it makes on their daily lives, as well as the importance of agriculture to the commonwealth. Breckinridge county continues to have diverse income from livestock, grain and tobacco, with Livestock sales of $45 million, $ 8.1 million in tobacco sales and finally $ 22.9 million in sales of grain and oilseeds (Census of Agriculture, 2012). The top five agricultural commodities (based on sales) in the Commonwealth include broilers, all other animals and products, soybeans, corn, and cattle and calves (USDA ERS, 2020). Kentucky agricultural sales in 2018 were reported at $5.9 billion (USDA ERS, 2020). As genetics improve, Extension looks for more opportunities to add on value along the production chain of crops and livestock. As prices for inputs stabilize, producers need a combined effort to improve the value of both crops and livestock. Extension provides resources for farm families and educational opportunities for youth and adults.

In addition, people, animals, and plants are dependent on our Earth’s natural resources. Everything from the air we breathe, to the water we drink, to the soil we use for food production– these resources are vital to our existence. Kentucky’s natural resources play an important role in our state’s social, economic, and environmental well-being. 

•    Kentucky has over 90,000 miles of rivers and streams, and 45 major lakes (KGS, 2014).

•    Kentucky, famous for karst topography, has the longest known cave system in the world (NPS, 2020). Roughly 38% of the state has some karst features and 25% of the state has well-developed karst features (KGS, 2014). 

•    Kentucky is 48% forested and is known as having one of the most diverse hardwood species mix in the nation. The economic contribution of Kentucky’s forest industry was over $13 billion in 2016 (KDF, 2019).

•    Kentucky is home to numerous wildlife species and has one of the most diverse fish and mussel populations in the U.S. and North America, respectively (KDFWR, 2013). 

•    In 2016, Kentucky’s coal industry produced over 42 million tons of coal, and as a state ranked as the fourth highest coal producer in the U.S. (Bone, 2017). 

Today’s youth spend less time outdoors than previous generations (Clemonts, 2004; Karsten, 2005; Carver et al., 2008) and are likely able to identify a Pokémon character more easily than a native plant or animal (Balmford et al., 2002). Every five years (since 1999) the Kentucky Environmental Education Council (KEEC) conducts a survey to assess Kentuckian’s environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. According to KEEC’s 2015-2020 Environmental Education Master Plan (2015), “…the average Kentuckian is able to answer correctly slightly more than half of the environmental knowledge questions included on the survey. This result leaves ample room for improvement” (p 27). The Kentucky 4-H Youth Development Program strives to increase environmental literacy among youth in Kentucky. The KEEC (2018) defines environmental literacy as “…the ability to recognize the components of healthy natural and man-made systems and the actions necessary to maintain, restore, or improve them” (p. 4) and states that environmental education is a pathway to environmental literacy (KEEC, 2018). Kentucky Statute (KRS 157.905) defines environmental education as “…an education process dealing with the interrelationships among the natural world and its man-made surroundings; is experience-based; interdisciplinary in its approach; and is a continuous life-long process that provides the citizenry with the basic knowledge and skills necessary to individually and collectively encourage positive actions for achieving and maintaining a sustainable balance between man and the environment” (Kentucky Legislative Research Committee, 2020, p.1). Extension provides adults and youth with environmental education opportunities by engaging in hands-on, interdisciplinary educational experiences that foster an increased understanding and appreciation for natural resources and environmental sciences. Programs and projects are offered in the areas of environmental science, entomology, forestry and wood science, geology, soils, water, wildlife, and shooting sports.


Long-Term Outcomes:

Participants will have improved end product quality and food safety, enhanced profit margin, greater enjoyment from farming, long term viability, and improved profitability and efficiency. Farmers market vendors will encourage marketing in other avenues, and search for more ways to please their customer.  Participants will have an increased knowledge of the Ag Development Fund Cost Share programs, such as, CAIP, as well as, NRCS Programs, such as, CSP. Youth participants will engage in entrepreneurial enterprise, gain and maintain employment resulting from life skill development through 4-H, and be an advocate for agriculture and healthy and sustainable food systems. Breckinridge County community members will use scientific techniques, responsible practices and innovative technologies that will positively sustain the natural resources in the home, community and world. Youth will engage in community projects related to natural resource conservation. Homeowners will begin to utilize their knowledge from the Master Gardener Programs to teach others on utilization of natural resources.

Intermediate Outcomes:

Participants will negotiate for better input prices, follow soil test recommendations, and move to more diverse pest control to help reduce the incidence of resistant weeds. Participation in Cost Share programs will give them the opportunity to improve or expand their farming operation. ?Grain farmers will receive monthly updates on grain markets to increase their knowledge and skill of marketing grains successfully. ?Farmers Market participants will make small changes in their marketing practices. Youth participants will practice and apply skills and knowledge related to food production, explain the role of agriculture in their daily lives, and adopt and practice skills that contribute to employability.

Local adults and youth will make decisions in their daily lives that positively impact natural resources, adopt practices to conserve and protect the environment in their home and community, and use problem solving skills and apply them to environmental issues. Homeowners will work to utilize raised beds in their home vegetable garden program to provide more locally grown produce.  Accessible gardens will be used to allow homeowners to gain control of their gardens and begin to increase their mobility and their knowledge of small garden production.  

Initial Outcomes:

During monthly cattle production meetings, participants will gain knowledge of nutrient needs of growing calves, budgeting (including differences between variable and fixed costs), financial programs, and decision making with implications for profitability. Participants will be able to describe the best management practices for handling cattle and providing for their well-being. Tobacco farmers will utilize information and record keeping practices obtained in the mandatory GAP meetings.  Farmers Market participants will look for advice on marketing commodities and try a few changes to their marketing plan. Youth participants will gain knowledge and skills in the production of food and fiber in areas of plant sciences, horticulture, and animal sciences. Youth will also gain an understanding of healthy and sustainable food systems and develop skills, such as, decision making, communications, record keeping, leadership, and service. 

 Local adults and youth will develop an interest in environmental sciences and sustainable practices and technologies, gain knowledge of the interrelationship and inter-dependencies with an ecosystem, and identify and gain knowledge of the natural resources that are used within their home and community. Farm and homeowners will break those barriers and begin implementing raised beds, as well as, increase their knowledge and their use of small accessible gardens with demonstrations in each small community area, such as, the Senior Citizen Center, and Communicare adult workshop, and the local hospital extended care unit.

Evaluation:

Initial Outcome: Practices being put in place for increase net farm income 

Indicator: Soil Sample numbers and calls on recommendations on soil samples. Increase in farm calls for PESTS problems, such as, weeds, diseases and insects.  Increase in requests for newsletter and to be on the mailing lists and an increase in personal reviews of the newsletter and its content.  Increase in requests for information and on farm visits. Increased awareness of IPM practices associated with the diagnosis of problems.   

Method: numbers from soil database, and increase in number of calls for assistance, Increase in ACCESS database additions to the newsletter. ? 

Timeline: 2021-2022 

 

Initial Outcome: Increased awareness, knowledge and skills relating to Agriculture, Horticulture, and Animal Science 

Indicator: Increased youth attendance and participation in agriculture programs 

Method: Curriculum and program evaluation tools 

Timeline: At time of program implementation 

 

Initial Outcome: Adults and youth will identify and gain knowledge of the natural resources that are used within their home and community. 

Indicator: Number of individuals who can identify natural resources in the community. 

Method: Kentucky 4-H Evaluations 

Timeline: Throughout program implementation 

 

Intermediate Outcome: Adults and youth will adopt practices to conserve and protect the environment in their home and community. 

Indicator: Number of individuals reporting using their skills to conserve natural resources. 

Method: Follow-up surveys, personal interviews, and observations 

Timeline: 1-3-month follow-up to program implementation 


Intermediate Outcome: Improved net farm income, reduced debt, farms remaining stable for the next 2 years. ? 

Indicator: Surveys returned, Improvement and upgrade of equipment on local farms, farm family remain active in Extension Programming. ? 

Method: Surveys and customer comments 

Timeline: 2021-2022  

 

Intermediate Outcome: Youth participants developing skills related to gardening, animal care, livestock judging, showmanship, record keeping, etc.? 

Indicator: Participants recognize increased confidence in their skills related to agriculture and youth improved gardening techniques, showmanship, livestock judging, etc. 

Method: Follow-up surveys, personal interviews and observations 

Timeline: 1-3-month follow-up to program implementation 


 Long-term Outcome: Farmers learn and use more value-added avenues for their crops 

Indicator: Increase in Farmers’ Market value added sales, more information requested for new crops such as Hi Tunnels, more intense labor crops such as HEMP.  Increase in participants trained in Micro Processing from our area.  Increase in locally sourced meat approved sites in the county. 

Method: review of the BC Farmers Market, review of producer requests.

Timeline: 2021-2022 

 

Long-term Outcome: An increase in the number of youth pursuing Agricultural related careers and opportunities. An improvement in the local environment to promote and support local agricultural systems. 

Indicator: Youth pursuing Agricultural career opportunities and business opportunities. Youth selling their Agricultural products. 

Method: Personal interviews, observations, 4-H Common Measures surveys 

Timeline: 1-3-month follow-up to program implementation 


Long-term Outcome: Adults and youth will use scientific techniques, responsible practices and innovative technologies that will positively sustain the natural resources in the home, community and world. 

Indicator: Number of individuals participating in a community service project related to natural resource conservation. 

Method: Personal testimonials, follow-up surveys, observations 

Timeline: 1-3-month follow-up to program implementation 

Learning Opportunities:

As needed, the Extension Service will provide “Grab-N-Go" kits, virtual programs, and other alternative formats due to Covid-19. 


Audience: Local 6-7th Grade Youth 

Project or Activity: Youth Agriculture Expo 

Content or Curriculum: Agriculture Awareness resources 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, volunteer leadership, community sponsors 

Date: Spring 2022 

 

Audience: Local Grain Farmers 

Project or Activity: Monthly grain crops update meetings 

Content or Curriculum: Local grain elevators, UK Specialists. 

Inputs: UK Specialists, Local grain elevators, local farmers. 

Audience: Local Grain Farmers 

Date: Fall 2021 and Winter 2022 

 

Audience: Local Youth (4th-8th grade) 

Project or Activity: 4-H Jr. Master Gardeners 

Content or Curriculum: Jr. Master Gardener curriculum and Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, public library, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: Summer 2021 and Summer 2022 

 

Audience: Local Youth (Preschool - 3rd grade) 

Project or Activity: 4-H Mini Master Gardeners 

Content or Curriculum: Jr. Master Gardener curriculum and Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, public library, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: Spring 2021 and Spring 2022 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Project Clubs (Youth Livestock, Poultry, Rabbit, Horse, and Dog Clubs) 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum for Animal Science and Agriculture 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, public library, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Summer Project Workshops 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum for Horticulture and Gardening 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: Summer 2021 and Summer 2022 

 

Audience: Farm and homeowners 

Project or Activity: Field day events, winter meetings, monthly meetings for cattle producers and Beekeepers 

Content or Curriculum: Information provided by the specific specialists 

Inputs: BCCA, State Specialists, Local producers for field events, supporting agencies, SCS and FSA , KSU Area Agent

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Farm and homeowners 

Project or Activity: Industry visits, programs by UK Animal Science dept., program by KY Proud coordinator 

Content or Curriculum: Information provided by the specific specialists 

Inputs: BCCA, State Specialists, Local producers for field events, supporting agencies, BC Farmers’ Market, KSU Area Agent or Specialist

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Farmers’ Market Vendors 

Project or Activity: Bi-Annual Update and weekly visits on how to improve their marketability. 

Content or Curriculum: Information provided by KY Proud, present market success 

Inputs: local vendors, Extension Agent, consumer surveys 

Date: 2021-2022 


Audience:  Public 

Project or Activity:  Sweet Corn Variety Trial, State Flower Garden Trial and local Garden Vegetable trials plus varieties provided through the KY MG Program 

Content or Curriculum: ?Information provided by State Horticulture Specialists, local growers and Master Gardeners 

Input: local market vendors, office staff, Detention Center, Master Gardeners, State Specialists, KY MG Program for plants, and seeds. Local meeting participants, KSU Area Agent  

Date: 2021-2022 

 

Audience: Youth and Families 

Project or Activity:  Farmers’ Market tastings and promotional activities 

Content or Curriculum: Plate it Up Kentucky Market, Farmers’ Market Tool Kit, POP learning activities

Input: Sampling and promotional items to promote purchasing and eating locally grown produce.? 

Date: Summer 2021

 

Audience: Small Farmers 

Project or Activity: Small animal production 

Content or Curriculum: Local Experts, enthusiasts, and small animal specialists

Input: Education, hands-on demonstration 

Date: Spring 2022 

 

Audience: Small Farmers 

Project or Activity: Plastic Mulch 

Content or Curriculum: UK horticulture agents, and specialists

Input: Education, hands-on demonstration, equipment.  Webinair Series

Date:  2021-2022

 

Audience: Local Youth (4th Grade) 

Project or Activity: 4-H Environmental Day Camp 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum (Project WET, Project WILD, Forensic Entomology, etc.) 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, Kentucky 4-H Camp staff and facilities, volunteer leadership, community leaders, public schools, curriculum and program resources 

Date: Fall 2021

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Bug Club 

Content or Curriculum: 4-H Entomology curriculum, Butterfly WINGS curriculum, and other Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents and facilities, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Outdoor Explorers Club 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum for Forestry, Geology, Entomology, and Stream Team (water quality)

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year


Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Shooting Sports Club 

Content or Curriculum: 4-H shooting sports policies and certification, and other Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents and facilities, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Adventurers Club 

Content or Curriculum: 4-H Entomology curriculum, Butterfly WINGS curriculum, Outdoor Adventures, and other Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents and facilities, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H School Clubs and Afterschool Programs 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, public school, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Youth 

Project or Activity: 4-H Project Workshops and Day Camps 

Content or Curriculum: Kentucky 4-H approved curriculum (Geology, Forestry, Entomology, etc.) 

Inputs: Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents, public school, volunteer leadership, curriculum and program resources 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Local Farms 

Project or Activity: Insect Traps set out in key areas, ie., Spotted Winged Drosophila, and Emerald Ash Borer 

Content or Curriculum: Work with specialists in diagnosis and treatment 

Inputs: Local farms, Entomology specialists 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 


Audience: Local Farms and Farm store equipment operators 

Project or Activity:  Design, build and fund a SPRAY Table. 

Content or Curriculum:  UK spray guides 

Inputs: Local businesses, farms, UK Specialists-Plant Pathology, and Tobacco Specialists 

Date:  2021-2022 program year

 

Audience: Local Farms 

Project or Activity: Cover crop meetings and conservation practices meeting. 

Content or Curriculum: Work with specialists in analyzing problems and resolution to problems, i.e.re-establish grass waterways, improve pasture and hay fields after 3 bad years of mudding.  

Inputs: Local farms, State and local NRCS office and local SCS, UK Specialists in the field of water management, forage establishment 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Homeowners  

Project: Raised bed gardening 

Content or Curriculum: Work with Vegetable specialists to design crops for maximum use of raised beds, and other types of gardens in the Detention Center 

Inputs: Adult Master Gardener Graduates, Fruit and Vegetable Specialists, Detention Center employees, Ag Agents.  Increase utilization of YouTube videos and the Ag/Natural Resource and Horticulture Facebook page to improve the homeowner's gardens, raised bed gardens.  In the recent days of the pandemic, families have gone ‘Back to the Basics’ to provide produce and meat for their families and their neighbors.  Utilize the Extension Service Raised Beds for demonstrations and data gathering.    

Date: 2021-2022  program year

 

Audience: Detention Center participants 

Content or Curriculum: Program designed by using Specialists and Publications on gardening on a budget, plus gardening small spaces 

Project or Activity: Providing fresh fruits and vegetables 

Inputs: Local detention center, Graduated Adult Master Gardeners, Extension Agents and UK Specialists 

Date: 2021-2022 program year 

 

Audience: Detention Center participants 

Content or Curriculum: Adult Master Gardener Program 

Project or Activity: Adult Master Gardener Program 

Inputs: Local Detention center, graduated Adult Master gardeners, Extension agents and UK Specialists 

Date: 2021-2022 program year

 

Audience:  Hay producers

Content:  Master Hay Grazer

Project:  Offer Master Hay Grazer Program, in person or virtually

Inputs:  Specialists and Area Agents

Date:  Spring 2022, On Farm Demonstrations Fall 2021


Audience:  Senior Citizens, Citizens with physical limitations 

Content or Curriculum: Accessible gardening through UK Ag Engineering 

Project or Activity:  Develop feasible and accessible garden areas in small communities, increase places by 100% 

Inputs: Master Gardeners, UK Ag Engineering, Extension Agent 

Date: July 2021-June 2022

 

Audience: Beef Producers 

Content or Curriculum: 

Project or Activity:  Develop an IRM plan for the farms that meet the standards of the committee.  Work through local farmers to implement new feeder calf study:  PVAP 

Inputs: Beef Specialists, Ag Agent, Local Veterinarian, and selected producers. 

Date:  Summer 2021 - Spring 2022


Audience:  Beef Producers

Content or Curriculum:  ROWLI videos, FACEBOOK Live program

Project or Activity:  Bring in producers to utilize programs developed, create training schedule to bring producers in or virtually to offer the trainings

Inputs:  Beef Specialists, Ag Agents, Local Veterinarian 

Date:  Winter 2021-2022


Audience:  New Farm Owners

Content or Curriculum:  Video Series by UK Specialists and Agents, ‘So You Bought a Farm

Project or Activity:  Develop a schedule to view videos, discuss local resources available

Inputs: Video series, Ag/Natural Resource Agents, local businesses and accountants, lawyers

Date:  Winter 2021 and Spring 2022


Audience:  KY LTC participants, homeowners, Detention Center, local schools

Content or Curriculum:  Hydroponic system for home and commercial use

Project or Activity:  Erect Hydroponic system for demonstration evaluate use, feasibility for use in lunchrooms

Inputs:  KSU Area Agent, CES agents

Date:   Winter 2021 and Spring 2022

 

Audience: Grain Crops Scouting 

Content or Curriculum: 

Project or Activity:  Develop a team of farm store field scouts that will assist in training a YOUTH scouting team, then compete in competitions  

Inputs:  Local scouts, Ag Extension Agent, UK Specialists 

Date:  Fall 2021-Fall 2022


Audience:  All types of pasture grazers and hay feeders

Content:  New publications and NEW KADF program guidelines, ON-Farm Water and Technology program

Project:  Develop a team of NRCS, Farm suppliers and Extension to evaluate present grazing and Hay feeding program on farms and make suggestions for improvements

Inputs:  Local business, NRCS and KADF funding

DATE:  2021-2022 program year


Audience:  All farming families

Content:  GAP, PBM, YQCA, PQA, BQA, Dicamba, PAT, Pararquat, Soil and Hay testing programs

Project:  Continue to offer needed certifications, and increase utilization of programs with a wider impact or scope.

Inputs:  Specialists and ALL required program curriculum obtained by agent

DATE: 2021-2022 program year


Audience: All Landowners

Content: Conservation Program, KADF Programming

Project:  Increase knowledge and use of Conservation practices, Increase utilization of Cost Share Programs and Covid Relief Programs 

Inputs:  NRCS, FSA, Local lending agencies, Adult Ag Education Program, 

DATE:  2021-22 program years


Audience:  Pre-K through 5th grade

Content:  Ag in the Classroom Projects

Project:  Provide Ag knowledge information to each FRYSC Coordinator and each classroom.  Hands on activities will also be provided along with vegetable plants for each student

Inputs:  Ag in the Classroom, Farm Bureau reading materials

Date:  2021-22 program year


Audience:  Farmers in the County

Content:  UK Corn Variety Trial, UK Nitrogen Study, BC Sweet Corn and Raised Bed Trials, UK Flower Variety Trial

Project:  Conduct on Farm Meetings, workshops surrounding UK Supported Trials

Inputs: UK Corn Variety, UK Horticulture Department, BC Extension Service, Master Gardeners

Date:  2021-22 program year




 



Success Stories

It's Time to Watch Your P's and K's

Author: Carol Hinton

Major Program: Soil testing

Its time to watch your P’s and K’sFarmers were warned of increasing input costs in late 2021.  Many farmers in the area and the county rely on soil testing to predict fertilizer inputs for the upcoming year.  Our county continually sends in over 2,000 soil tests to the lab at the University of Kentucky.  The history of soil testing on many farms in the county goes back at least 30 years.   I have charted the results comparing the same fields year after year, test

Full Story

Teaching others how to use a few new techniques to improve their garden.

Author: Carol Hinton

Major Program: Horticulture, Consumer and Home

The Community Garden program has been running with the assistance of Master Gardeners and the cooperation of the staff at each location.  The program helps to put in and maintain raised and/or accessible gardens for community.   We had request to increase the program at each site and to set up a couple new places where people gather.   The residents even requested their own kind of tomatoes and peppers to raise.  Buy in has been fantastic for the community.  They are now

Full Story

Extension Minute

Author: Carol Hinton

Major Program: Farm Management, Economics and Policy

Extension MinuteIn 2016 we had a dream of getting space on the local radio station to give quick and to the point Extension information and leave the listener with the tag, ‘for more information, call your local Extension Service’.  The dream came true, we have 3 full time sponsors for the program called, Extension Minute.  We do see an increase in questions on the topics that were discussed that week.  I am also met on the street with, the tag, And Now for Your Extens

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Forage Improvement is a Must to Survive

Author: Carol Hinton

Major Program: Forages

Forage Improvement is a Must to survive in the cattle businessThe problem was diagnosed about 18 months prior to seeing the results on this farm.  When you stepped on to this farm, you could smell the problem with the hay crop.  Sweet Vernal Grass had continued to take over fields for the past 2-3 years.  Sweet vernal grass was a grass that was used in the early days to sweeten up the hay to make it sell better and to make hay more appealing to livestock.  However, Sweet Vern

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